同步Socket 与 异步 Socket：

1.同步就是阻塞的，比如 接受数据 如果没有回应 就一直等待。

2.异步就是不用等待；

同步Socket

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;

//多线程
namespace MySocket
{

class Program
{//用于连接public static Socket connSocket;//用于请求public static Socket ComdSocket;public static byte[] buf = new byte[1024];static void Main (string[] args){//开启一个新的线程当客户端Thread client = new Thread (InitClient);client.Start ();//开启InitServer ();Console.Read ();}public static void InitServer (){//操作都放到try和catch中，以捕捉异常connSocket = new Socket (AddressFhamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//实例化一个终端IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint (IPAddress.Parse ("127.0.0.1"), 3535);//占用一个房间connSocket.Bind (endPoint);//用于监听，可以接受10个人connSocket.Listen (10);//接受客户端对象,            重点：阻塞方法（block）ComdSocket = connSocket.Accept ();Console.WriteLine ("有客户端连接了，终端为" + ComdSocket.RemoteEndPoint);while (true) {//接受数据,阻塞方法（block）int len = ComdSocket.Receive (buf);string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString (buf, 0, len);Console.WriteLine ("收到新的消息：" + msg);}}public static void InitClient (){//Thread.Sleep (3000);//休眠1000毫秒，保证服务器开启之后才能连接connSocket = new Socket (AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//实例化一个终端IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint (IPAddress.Parse ("127.0.0.1"), 3535);//连接服务器connSocket.Connect (endPoint);Console.WriteLine (connSocket.Connected);if (connSocket.Connected) {while (true) {//客户端发送数据给服务器Console.WriteLine ("client input:");string msg = Console.ReadLine ();//讲一个字符串转换成byte[]buf = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes (msg);//发送数据connSocket.Send (buf);}}}
}

}

异步Socket

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

//关于网络
using System.Net;

//关于套接字
using System.Net.Sockets;

//关于文本
using System.Text;

//声明一个委托
public delegate void ldyReceiveCallBack (string content);

public class LdySocket
{
#region 服务器端

//声明一个服务器端的套接字
Socket serverSocket;
//声明一个委托对象
ldyReceiveCallBack serverCallBake;
//生成一个比特缓存
byte[] serverBuffer = new byte[1024];
//初始化服务器
public void InitServer (ldyReceiveCallBack rcb)
{//传入委托对象serverCallBake = rcb;//初始化服务器端的套接字serverSocket = new Socket (AddressFamily.InterNetwork/*IPV4*/, SocketType.Stream/*双向读写流（服务端可以发给客户 客户也可以发服务）*/,ProtocolType.Tcp/*TCP协议*/);//实例一个网络端点  传入地址和端口IPEndPoint serverEP = new IPEndPoint (IPAddress.Any, 23456);//绑定网络端点serverSocket.Bind (serverEP);//设置最大监听数量serverSocket.Listen (10);//异步接受客户端的连接(CallBack)serverSocket.BeginAccept (new System.AsyncCallback (ServerAccept), serverSocket);//发送一个消息 表示服务器已经创建serverCallBake ("Server Has Init");}
//服务器接受
void ServerAccept (System.IAsyncResult ar)
{//接受结果状态serverSocket = ar.AsyncState  as Socket;//接收结果Socket workingSocket = serverSocket.EndAccept (ar);workingSocket.BeginReceive (serverBuffer/*消息缓存*/, 0/*接受消息的偏移量 就是从第几个开始*/, this.serverBuffer.Length/*设置接受字节数*/,SocketFlags.None/*Socket标志位*/, new System.AsyncCallback (ServerReceive)/*接受回调*/, workingSocket/*最后的状态*/);//继续接受客户端的请求workingSocket.BeginAccept (new System.AsyncCallback (ServerAccept), workingSocket);}void ServerReceive (System.IAsyncResult ar)
{//获取正在工作的Socket对象（用来接受数据的 ）Socket workingSocket = ar.AsyncState as Socket;//接受到得数据字节 int byteCount = 0;//接收到的数据字符串string content = "";try {byteCount = workingSocket.EndReceive (ar);} catch (SocketException ex) {//如果接受失败 返回详细异常serverCallBake (ex.ToString ());}if (byteCount > 0) {//转换byte数组为字符串（支持中文）content = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString (serverBuffer);}//发送接收到的消息serverCallBake (content);//继续接受消息workingSocket.BeginReceive (serverBuffer/*消息缓存*/, 0/*接受消息的偏移量 就是从第几个开始*/, this.serverBuffer.Length/*设置接受字节数*/,SocketFlags.None/*Socket标志位*/, new System.AsyncCallback (ServerReceive)/*接受回调*/, workingSocket/*最后的状态*/);
}#endregion#region//声明客户端的套接字
Socket clientSocket;
//声明客户端的委托对象
ldyReceiveCallBack clientReceiveCallBack;
//声明客户端的缓存1KB
byte[] clientBuffer = new byte[1024];
//1.ip地址 2.端口3.委托对象
public void InitClient (string ip, int port, ldyReceiveCallBack rcb)
{//接受委托对象clientReceiveCallBack = rcb;//实例客户端的Socket 参数（IPV4 ，双向读写流，TCP协议）clientSocket = new Socket (AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//实例化一个客户端的网络端点        IPAddress.Parse (ip)：将IP地址字符串转换为Ip地址实例IPEndPoint clientEP = new IPEndPoint (IPAddress.Parse (ip), port);//连接服务器clientSocket.Connect (clientEP);//第一个是缓存  第二个 是从第几个开始接受 第三个 接受多少个字节  第四个 需不需要特殊的服务 第五个回调函数 第六个当前对象clientSocket.BeginReceive (clientBuffer, 0, this.clientBuffer.Length, SocketFlags.None,new System.AsyncCallback (clientReceive), this.clientSocket);
}void clientReceive (System.IAsyncResult ar)
{//获取一个客户端正在接受数据的对象Socket workingSocket = ar.AsyncState as Socket;int byteCount = 0;string content = "";try {//结束接受数据 完成储存byteCount = workingSocket.EndReceive (ar);} catch (SocketException ex) {//如果接受消息失败clientReceiveCallBack (ex.ToString ());}if (byteCount > 0) {//转换已经接受到得Byte数据为字符串content = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString (clientBuffer);}//发送数据clientReceiveCallBack (content);//接受下一波数据clientSocket.BeginReceive (clientBuffer, 0, this.clientBuffer.Length, SocketFlags.None,new System.AsyncCallback (clientReceive), this.clientSocket);}public void ClientSendMessage (string msg)
{if (msg != "") {//将要发送的字符串消息转换成BYTE数组clientBuffer = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes (msg);}clientSocket.BeginSend (clientBuffer, 0, this.clientBuffer.Length, SocketFlags.None,new System.AsyncCallback (SendMsg),this.clientSocket);
}void SendMsg (System.IAsyncResult ar)
{Socket workingSocket = ar.AsyncState as Socket;workingSocket.EndSend (ar);
}#endregion

}

服务器端

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ServerSocketDemo : MonoBehaviour
{
private LdySocket ldysocket;
string serverContent;

void Awake ()
{ldysocket = new LdySocket ();//执行初始化服务器方法，传入委托函数ldysocket.InitServer (ShowMsg);
}void ShowMsg (string msg)
{serverContent = msg;
}void OnGUI ()
{GUILayout.Label (serverContent);
}

}

客户端

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ClientSocketDemo : MonoBehaviour
{

private LdySocket ldysocket;
private string clientContent;
private string needSendText = "";void Awake ()
{ldysocket = new LdySocket ();ldysocket.InitClient ("127.0.0.1", 23456, (string msg) => {clientContent = msg;});
}void OnGUI ()
{needSendText = GUILayout.TextField (needSendText);if (GUILayout.Button ("点击发送消息")) {if (needSendText != "") {ldysocket.ClientSendMessage (needSendText);}}
}

}

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