实验拓扑
拓扑如下：
![]()
操作命令
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
| R1#vlan database
R1(vlan)#vlan 10
R1(vlan)#vlan 20
R1(vlan)#vlan 30
R1(vlan)#vlan 40
R1(vlan)#exit
R1#configure terminal
R1(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/0-1
R1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
R1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
R1(config-if-range)#exit
R1(config)#interface vlan 10
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.252 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#vrrp 10 ip 192.168.10.254
R1(config-if)#vrrp 10 priority 150
R1(config-if)#vrrp 10 preempt
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface vlan 20
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.252 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#vrrp 20 ip 192.168.20.254
R1(config-if)#vrrp 20 priority 150
R1(config-if)#vrrp 20 preempt
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface vlan 30
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.252 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#vrrp 30 ip 192.168.30.254
R1(config-if)#vrrp 30 priority 100
R1(config-if)#vrrp 30 preempt
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface vlan 40
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.40.252 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#vrrp 40 ip 192.168.40.254
R1(config-if)#vrrp 40 priority 100
R1(config-if)#vrrp 40 preempt
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
| R2#vlan database
R2(vlan)#vlan 10
R2(vlan)#vlan 20
R2(vlan)#vlan 30
R2(vlan)#vlan 40
R2(vlan)#exit
R2#configure terminal
R2(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/0-1
R2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
R2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
R2(config-if-range)#exit
R2(config)#interface vlan 10
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.253 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#vrrp 10 ip 192.168.10.254
R2(config-if)#vrrp 10 priority 100
R2(config-if)#vrrp 10 preempt
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface vlan 20
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.253 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#vrrp 20 ip 192.168.20.254
R2(config-if)#vrrp 20 priority 100
R2(config-if)#vrrp 20 preempt
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface vlan 30
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.253 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#vrrp 30 ip 192.168.30.254
R2(config-if)#vrrp 30 priority 150
R2(config-if)#vrrp 30 preempt
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface vlan 40
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.40.253 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#vrrp 40 ip 192.168.40.254
R2(config-if)#vrrp 40 priority 150
R2(config-if)#vrrp 40 preempt
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
| R3#vlan database
R3(vlan)#vlan 10
R3(vlan)#vlan 20
R3(vlan)#vlan 30
R3(vlan)#vlan 40
R3(vlan)#exit
R3#configure terminal
R3(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/0-1
R3(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
R3(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
R3(config-if-range)#exit
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2
R3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/3
R3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
| R4#vlan database
R4(vlan)#vlan 10
R4(vlan)#vlan 20
R4(vlan)#vlan 30
R4(vlan)#vlan 40
R4(vlan)#exit
R4#configure terminal
R4(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/0-1
R4(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
R4(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
R4(config-if-range)#exit
R4(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2
R4(config-if)#switchport access vlan 30
R4(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/3
R4(config-if)#switchport access vlan 40
|
实现效果
根据上面配置，当 VLAN10/VLAN20 发送数据，会通过 R1，而 VLAN30/VLAN40 发送数据，会通过 R2。
这就是负载均衡了，流量均衡到两台设备上，降低了设备的负载；当出现故障时，例如 R2 宕机了，R1 就会承担 R2 流量。
实现原理
终端在发送数据时，会先去找网关，而网关地址是通过 R1/R2 的优先级决定的，优先级高的会抢虚拟网关 IP，而优先级低的只能等高的设备宕机后再抢过来，以此实现高可用性。
而将两台设备的优先级平均分配，这样就实现了负载均衡。
本文链接：https://my.lmcjl.com/post/19030.html
4 评论